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pyinotify
@author: Sebastien Martini
@license: MIT License
@contact: seb@dbzteam.org
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Raised on unsupported Python versions.
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@param version: Current Python version
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Access (read, write) inotify's variables through /proc/sys/. Note that
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- Update max_queued_events attribute: max_queued_events.value = 42
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Gets attribute's value.
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Sets new attribute's value.
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Set of codes corresponding to each kind of events.
Some of these flags are used to communicate with inotify, whereas
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@cvar IN_ACCESS: File was accessed.
@type IN_ACCESS: int
@cvar IN_MODIFY: File was modified.
@type IN_MODIFY: int
@cvar IN_ATTRIB: Metadata changed.
@type IN_ATTRIB: int
@cvar IN_CLOSE_WRITE: Writtable file was closed.
@type IN_CLOSE_WRITE: int
@cvar IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE: Unwrittable file closed.
@type IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE: int
@cvar IN_OPEN: File was opened.
@type IN_OPEN: int
@cvar IN_MOVED_FROM: File was moved from X.
@type IN_MOVED_FROM: int
@cvar IN_MOVED_TO: File was moved to Y.
@type IN_MOVED_TO: int
@cvar IN_CREATE: Subfile was created.
@type IN_CREATE: int
@cvar IN_DELETE: Subfile was deleted.
@type IN_DELETE: int
@cvar IN_DELETE_SELF: Self (watched item itself) was deleted.
@type IN_DELETE_SELF: int
@cvar IN_MOVE_SELF: Self (watched item itself) was moved.
@type IN_MOVE_SELF: int
@cvar IN_UNMOUNT: Backing fs was unmounted.
@type IN_UNMOUNT: int
@cvar IN_Q_OVERFLOW: Event queued overflowed.
@type IN_Q_OVERFLOW: int
@cvar IN_IGNORED: File was ignored.
@type IN_IGNORED: int
@cvar IN_ONLYDIR: only watch the path if it is a directory (new
in kernel 2.6.15).
@type IN_ONLYDIR: int
@cvar IN_DONT_FOLLOW: don't follow a symlink (new in kernel 2.6.15).
IN_ONLYDIR we can make sure that we don't watch
the target of symlinks.
@type IN_DONT_FOLLOW: int
@cvar IN_EXCL_UNLINK: Events are not generated for children after they
have been unlinked from the watched directory.
(new in kernel 2.6.36).
@type IN_EXCL_UNLINK: int
@cvar IN_MASK_ADD: add to the mask of an already existing watch (new
in kernel 2.6.14).
@type IN_MASK_ADD: int
@cvar IN_ISDIR: Event occurred against dir.
@type IN_ISDIR: int
@cvar IN_ONESHOT: Only send event once.
@type IN_ONESHOT: int
@cvar ALL_EVENTS: Alias for considering all of the events.
@type ALL_EVENTS: int
� � � � � � �@ � � i i i ) Z IN_ACCESSZ IN_MODIFYZ IN_ATTRIBZIN_CLOSE_WRITEZIN_CLOSE_NOWRITEZIN_OPENZ
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@return: event name.
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Event structure, represent events raised by the system. This
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Raw event, it contains only the informations provided by the system.
It doesn't infer anything.
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@param wd: Watch Descriptor.
@type wd: int
@param mask: Bitmask of events.
@type mask: int
@param cookie: Cookie.
@type cookie: int
@param name: Basename of the file or directory against which the
event was raised in case where the watched directory
is the parent directory. None if the event was raised
on the watched item itself.
@type name: string or None
N� )r5 r1 �cookiery )�_str�rstripr� r
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r� r r r r r� � s r� c @ s e Zd ZdZdd� ZdS )�Eventa�
This class contains all the useful informations about the observed
event. However, the presence of each field is not guaranteed and
depends on the type of event. In effect, some fields are irrelevant
for some kind of event (for example 'cookie' is meaningless for
IN_CREATE whereas it is mandatory for IN_MOVE_TO).
The possible fields are:
- wd (int): Watch Descriptor.
- mask (int): Mask.
- maskname (str): Readable event name.
- path (str): path of the file or directory being watched.
- name (str): Basename of the file or directory against which the
event was raised in case where the watched directory
is the parent directory. None if the event was raised
on the watched item itself. This field is always provided
even if the string is ''.
- pathname (str): Concatenation of 'path' and 'name'.
- src_pathname (str): Only present for IN_MOVED_TO events and only in
the case where IN_MOVED_FROM events are watched too. Holds the
source pathname from where pathname was moved from.
- cookie (int): Cookie.
- dir (bool): True if the event was raised against a directory.
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ProcessEventError Exception. Raised on ProcessEvent error.
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Abstract processing event class.
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To behave like a functor the object must be callable.
This method is a dispatch method. Its lookup order is:
1. process_MASKNAME method
2. process_FAMILY_NAME method
3. otherwise calls process_default
@param event: Event to be processed.
@type event: Event object
@return: By convention when used from the ProcessEvent class:
- Returning False or None (default value) means keep on
executing next chained functors (see chain.py example).
- Returning True instead means do not execute next
processing functions.
@rtype: bool
@raise ProcessEventError: Event object undispatchable,
unknown event.
NzUnknown mask 0x%08xZprocess_Z process_IN_r� rf ) r1 ru re rw �getr� r� �split�process_default)r �eventZ
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There is three kind of processing according to each event:
1. special handling (deletion from internal container, bug, ...).
2. default treatment: which is applied to the majority of events.
3. IN_ISDIR is never sent alone, he is piggybacked with a standard
event, he is not processed as the others events, instead, its
value is captured and appropriately aggregated to dst event.
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@param wm: Watch Manager.
@type wm: WatchManager instance
@param notifier: Notifier.
@type notifier: Notifier instance
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� s z_SysProcessEvent.__init__c C sd t �� }| j| jfD ]J}t|�� �D ]8}||| d tdd�kr$t�d|| d � ||= q$qdS )zh
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If the event affects a directory and the auto_add flag of the
targetted watch is set to True, a new watch is added on this
new directory, with the same attribute values than those of
this watch.
F��proc_fun�rec�auto_add�exclude_filterNr z(process_IN_CREATE, invalid directory: %s)r1 ru r� � get_watchr5 r" rW rX ry r� r� � add_watchr� r� �isdir�listdir�get_wd�isfilero r� r� � append_eventrF rO r� r, r� )
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Map the source path with the destination path (+ date for
cleaning).
r� Nr Z src_pathnameTr� )r� r� r5 rW r" r� rX ry r� r� r� r r� r� r1 ru r� r� r� r� r� )r r� r� r� Zdst_path�mv_� to_appendr r r �process_IN_MOVED_TO� s"
� �z$_SysProcessEvent.process_IN_MOVED_TOc C s� | j �|j�}|j}| j�|�}|r�|d }||_|tjj7 }t|�}| j j �
� D ]*}|j� |�rRtj� ||j|d� �|_qRnDt
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STATUS: the following bug has been fixed in recent kernels (FIXME:
which version ?). Now it raises IN_DELETE_SELF instead.
Old kernels were bugged, this event raised when the watched item
were moved, so we had to update its path, but under some circumstances
it was impossible: if its parent directory and its destination
directory wasn't watched. The kernel (see include/linux/fsnotify.h)
doesn't bring us enough informations like the destination path of
moved items.
r Nz�The pathname '%s' of this watch %s has probably changed and couldn't be updated, so it cannot be trusted anymore. To fix this error move directories/files only between watched parents directories, in this case e.g. put a watch on '%s'.z
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Only signal an overflow, most of the common flags are irrelevant
for this event (path, wd, name).
r1 )r� r1 )r r� r r r �process_IN_Q_OVERFLOW' s z&_SysProcessEvent.process_IN_Q_OVERFLOWc C s | � |�}| j�|j� |S )a&
The watch descriptor raised by this event is now ignored (forever),
it can be safely deleted from the watch manager dictionary.
After this event we can be sure that neither the event queue nor
the system will raise an event associated to this wd again.
)r� r� � del_watchr5 )r r� Zevent_r r r �process_IN_IGNORED. s
z#_SysProcessEvent.process_IN_IGNOREDNc C sp | j �|j�}|jttB @ r$|j}nt|jt@ �}|j|j|j |j
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Commons handling for the followings events:
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Process events objects, can be specialized via subclassing, thus its
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Enable chaining of ProcessEvent instances.
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accomplish a better filtering diminishing the number of raised events.
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Dummy class used to print events strings representations. For instance this
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Dumps statistics.
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Notifier Exception. Raised on Notifier error.
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Read notifications, process events.
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Initialization. read_freq, threshold and timeout parameters are used
when looping.
@param watch_manager: Watch Manager.
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@param default_proc_fun: Default processing method. If None, a new
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@type default_proc_fun: instance of ProcessEvent
@param read_freq: if read_freq == 0, events are read asap,
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@type read_freq: int
@param threshold: File descriptor will be read only if the accumulated
size to read becomes >= threshold. If != 0, you likely
want to use it in combination with an appropriate
value for read_freq because without that you would
keep looping without really reading anything and that
until the amount of events to read is >= threshold.
At least with read_freq set you might sleep.
@type threshold: int
@param timeout: see read_freq above. If provided, it must be set in
milliseconds. See
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Append a raw event to the event queue.
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Coalescing events. Events are usually processed by batchs, their size
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unique events are enqueued, doublons are discarded. An event is unique
when the combination of its fields (wd, mask, cookie, name) is unique
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events is accepted again. By default this option is disabled, you have
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stdin, stdout, stderr: files associated to common streams.
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Events are read only one time every min(read_freq, timeout)
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instance.
@param callback: Functor called after each event processing iteration.
Expects to receive the notifier object (self) as first
parameter. If this function returns True the loop is
immediately terminated otherwise the loop method keeps
looping.
@type callback: callable object or function
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__daemonize() method. If pid_file=None or is set to a
pathname the caller must ensure the file does not exist
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Close inotify's instance (close its file descriptor).
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This notifier inherits from threading.Thread for instanciating a separate
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it is not threaded and could be easily daemonized.
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@type default_proc_fun: instance of ProcessEvent
@param read_freq: if read_freq == 0, events are read asap,
if read_freq is > 0, this thread sleeps
max(0, read_freq - (timeout / 1000)) seconds.
@type read_freq: int
@param threshold: File descriptor will be read only if the accumulated
size to read becomes >= threshold. If != 0, you likely
want to use it in combination with an appropriate
value set for read_freq because without that you would
keep looping without really reading anything and that
until the amount of events to read is >= threshold. At
least with read_freq you might sleep.
@type threshold: int
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Start thread's loop: read and process events until the method
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default parameter to all_fds=False.
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@param ioloop: Tornado's IO loop.
@type ioloop: tornado.ioloop.IOLoop instance.
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See comment in AsyncNotifier.
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asyncio/trollius event loop adapter.
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@type path: str
@param mask: Mask.
@type mask: int
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@type proc_fun:
@param auto_add: Automatically add watches on new directories.
@type auto_add: bool
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See WatchManager.__init__
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ExcludeFilter is an exclusion filter.
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Examples:
ef1 = ExcludeFilter(["/etc/rc.*", "/etc/hostname"])
ef2 = ExcludeFilter("/my/path/exclude.lst")
Where exclude.lst contains:
/etc/rc.*
/etc/hostname
Note: it is not possible to exclude a file if its encapsulating
directory is itself watched. See this issue for more details
https://github.com/seb-m/pyinotify/issues/31
@param arg_lst: is either a list of patterns or a filename from which
patterns will be loaded.
@type arg_lst: list of str or str
N)
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@param path: Path to match against provided regexps.
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WatchManager Exception. Raised on error encountered on watches
operations.
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@param msg: Exception string's description.
@type msg: string
@param wmd: This dictionary contains the wd assigned to paths of the
same call for which watches were successfully added.
@type wmd: dict
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Provide operations for watching files and directories. Its internal
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there are ThreadedNotifier instances.
c C s dS r� r �rW r r r r~ � r zWatchManager.<lambda>c C s\ d| _ || _i | _t�� | _| jdu r,t� �| j�� | _| jdk rXd}t || j�
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Initialization: init inotify, init watch manager dictionary.
Raise OSError if initialization fails, raise InotifyBindingNotFoundError
if no inotify binding was found (through ctypes or from direct access to
syscalls).
@param exclude_filter: boolean function, returns True if current
path must be excluded from being watched.
Convenient for providing a common exclusion
filter for every call to add_watch.
@type exclude_filter: callable object
FNr z-Cannot initialize new instance of inotify, %s) �_ignore_events�_exclude_filter�_wmdr r �_inotify_wrapperr r* r! rF r' )r r� r r r r r
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Close inotify's file descriptor, this action will also automatically
remove (i.e. stop watching) all its associated watch descriptors.
After a call to this method the WatchManager's instance become useless
and cannot be reused, a new instance must then be instanciated. It
makes sense to call this method in few situations for instance if
several independant WatchManager must be instanciated or if all watches
must be removed and no other watches need to be added.
N)r" r r! r r r r r � s
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Return assigned inotify's file descriptor.
@return: File descriptor.
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Get watch from provided watch descriptor wd.
@param wd: Watch descriptor.
@type wd: int
)r� r� )r r5 r r r r� � s zWatchManager.get_watchc
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Remove watch entry associated to watch descriptor wd.
@param wd: Watch descriptor.
@type wd: int
z)Cannot delete unknown watch descriptor %sN)r� �KeyErrorrO r� r, )r r5 r r r r r� s zWatchManager.del_watchc C s | j S )z�
Get a reference on the internal watch manager dictionary.
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Format path to its internal (stored in watch manager) representation.
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Add a watch on path, build a Watch object and insert it in the
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Add watch(s) on the provided |path|(s) with associated |mask| flag
value and optionally with a processing |proc_fun| function and
recursive flag |rec| set to True.
All |path| components _must_ be str (i.e. unicode) objects.
If |path| is already watched it is ignored, but if it is called with
option rec=True a watch is put on each one of its not-watched
subdirectory.
@param path: Path to watch, the path can either be a file or a
directory. Also accepts a sequence (list) of paths.
@type path: string or list of strings
@param mask: Bitmask of events.
@type mask: int
@param proc_fun: Processing object.
@type proc_fun: function or ProcessEvent instance or instance of
one of its subclasses or callable object.
@param rec: Recursively add watches from path on all its
subdirectories, set to False by default (doesn't
follows symlinks in any case).
@type rec: bool
@param auto_add: Automatically add watches on newly created
directories in watched parent |path| directory.
If |auto_add| is True, IN_CREATE is ored with |mask|
when the watch is added.
@type auto_add: bool
@param do_glob: Do globbing on pathname (see standard globbing
module for more informations).
@type do_glob: bool
@param quiet: if False raises a WatchManagerError exception on
error. See example not_quiet.py.
@type quiet: bool
@param exclude_filter: predicate (boolean function), which returns
True if the current path must be excluded
from being watched. This argument has
precedence over exclude_filter passed to
the class' constructor.
@type exclude_filter: callable object
@return: dict of paths associated to watch descriptors. A wd value
is positive if the watch was added sucessfully, otherwise
the value is negative. If the path was invalid or was already
watched it is not included into this returned dictionary.
@rtype: dict of {str: int}
N���r z$add_watch: cannot watch %s WD=%d, %s���) r� �_WatchManager__format_paramr+ r, �_WatchManager__glob�_WatchManager__walk_rec�_WatchManager__add_watchr� r' rO r� r� )r rW r1 r� r� r� r� �quietr� �ret_Znpath�apathZrpathr5 r r r r r� 9 s4 /
� �� zWatchManager.add_watchc c s� |D ]�}| � |�}|dur|V nqtj�|�s2qtj�|�}t|�}| j�� D ]Z}|d j}tj�||g�}|tj ks�t|�|krPt|�|krP|| tj krP|d j
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Get every wd from self._wmd if its path is under the path of
one (at least) of those in lpath. Doesn't follow symlinks.
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@type lpath: list of int
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@rtype: list of int
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Update existing watch descriptors |wd|. The |mask| value, the
processing object |proc_fun|, the recursive param |rec| and the
|auto_add| and |quiet| flags can all be updated.
@param wd: Watch Descriptor to update. Also accepts a list of
watch descriptors.
@type wd: int or list of int
@param mask: Optional new bitmask of events.
@type mask: int
@param proc_fun: Optional new processing function.
@type proc_fun: function or ProcessEvent instance or instance of
one of its subclasses or callable object.
@param rec: Optionally adds watches recursively on all
subdirectories contained into |wd| directory.
@type rec: bool
@param auto_add: Automatically adds watches on newly created
directories in the watch's path corresponding to |wd|.
If |auto_add| is True, IN_CREATE is ored with |mask|
when the watch is updated.
@type auto_add: bool
@param quiet: If False raises a WatchManagerError exception on
error. See example not_quiet.py
@type quiet: bool
@return: dict of watch descriptors associated to booleans values.
True if the corresponding wd has been successfully
updated, False otherwise.
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r zupdate_watch: invalid WD=%dFz(update_watch: cannot update %s WD=%d, %sTzUpdated watch - %s)r� �_WatchManager__get_sub_recr� rO r� r� r� r2 r! r' r� r� r� r� )r r5 r1 r� r� r� r� �lwdr� �awdr� r �wd_r� r r r � update_watch� sF
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Returns the watch descriptor associated to path. This method
presents a prohibitive cost, always prefer to keep the WD
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@return: WD or None.
@rtype: int or None
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Yields each subdirectories of top, doesn't follow symlinks.
If rec is false, only yield top.
@param top: root directory.
@type top: string
@param rec: recursive flag.
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Removes watch(s).
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@type wd: int or list of int.
@param rec: Recursively removes watches on every already watched
subdirectories and subfiles.
@type rec: bool
@param quiet: If False raises a WatchManagerError exception on
error. See example not_quiet.py
@type quiet: bool
@return: dict of watch descriptors associated to booleans values.
True if the corresponding wd has been successfully
removed, False otherwise.
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r Fz!rm_watch: cannot remove WD=%d, %sTzWatch WD=%d (%s) removed) r� r� r� r6 r! r' rO r� r� r� r� r� ) r r5 r� r� r� r� r� r� r r r r �rm_watch2 s(
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Watch a transient file, which will be created and deleted frequently
over time (e.g. pid file).
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possible to correctly watch the events triggered into the same
base directory than the directory where is located this watched
transient file. For instance it would be wrong to make these
two successive calls: wm.watch_transient_file('/var/run/foo.pid', ...)
and wm.add_watch('/var/run/', ...)
@param filename: Filename.
@type filename: string
@param mask: Bitmask of events, should contain IN_CREATE and IN_DELETE.
@type mask: int
@param proc_class: ProcessEvent (or of one of its subclass), beware of
accepting a ProcessEvent's instance as argument into
__init__, see transient_file.py example for more
details.
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@return: Same as add_watch().
@rtype: Same as add_watch().
r� c s t | d�d u rdS � | jkS )Nry F)r� ry )r� �rY r r �cmp_name| s z3WatchManager.watch_transient_file.<locals>.cmp_name)r� Fc S s dS r� r r� r r r r~ � r z3WatchManager.watch_transient_file.<locals>.<lambda>)r� r� r� r� r� )r" rW r^ rY ro rp r� r� )r r r1 Z
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mode is used to improve compatibility with Pyinotify 0.7.1 (or older)
programs. The compatibility mode provides additional variables 'is_dir',
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